Hematology studies blood-forming organs such as blood and bone marrow, and blood-related disorders and diseases. The word "heme" comes from the Greek word for blood.
Hematological diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that may have numerous clinical and laboratory findings mimicking non-hematological diseases. Therefore, a detailed clinical history and physical examination are important. Frequently, laboratory tests will be necessary to confirm the clinical diagnosis.
Hematological disorders can be classified into malignant and non-malignant (benign) blood disorders. Non-malignant blood disorders include hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia, other types of anemia and clotting disorders such as hemophilia.
Malignant blood diseases consist of subgroups of diseases called leukemia, lymphomas and myeloma. Lymphomas affecting the lymphatic system, subdivided into Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, are characterized by abnormal lymphocytes. Malignant hematological disorders can affect people of all ages. Malignant hematological disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, lifestyle and environment.
References
https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Hematology.aspx [Accessed: July 2023]
https://www.academia.edu/208294/Introduction_to_hematology_Book_Chapter_ [Accessed: July 2023]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematology [Accessed: July 2023]